BzATP triethylammonium salt

p2x1 Receptor; P2X3 Receptor; P2X4 Receptor; P2X7 Receptor

BzATP（10-1000 μM；24 小时）刺激 U87 和 U251 胶质瘤细胞迁移和增殖 [3]。在人神经胶质瘤细胞中，BzATP（100μM；6-48小时）促进P2X7R蛋白的产生[3]。

与对照组和假手术组相比，盲肠结扎穿刺 (CLP) 诱导后，BzATP (5 mg/kg) 显着增加结肠中 P2X7R 的表达 [4]。

体外激活大鼠P2X3和P2X2/3受体[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11156585/]
重组大鼠P2X3和大鼠P2X2/3受体cDNA与先前发表的用于大鼠同源和异源P2X3受体药理学体外表征的序列相同（Bianchi等人，1999）。使用标准脂质介导的转染方法构建稳定表达大鼠P2X3或大鼠P2X2/3受体的1321N1人星形细胞瘤细胞。所有细胞系均保存在含有10%FBS和抗生素的D-MEM中，如下所示：300μg ml-1 G418用于含P2X3的大鼠细胞；75μg ml-1潮霉素和150μg ml-1G418用于含P2X2/3的大鼠细胞。细胞在37°C的含5%二氧化碳的加湿气氛中生长。 P2X受体功能基于激动剂介导的细胞质Ca2+浓度的增加来确定，如前所述（Bianchi等人，1999）。BzATP（10μM）和α，β-meATP（10μM）分别用于激活大鼠P2X3和P2X2/3受体。简言之，使用荧光成像平板读取器（FLIPR），使用荧光Ca2+螯合染料（Fluo-4）作为96细胞形式的细胞内Ca2+的相对水平的指示剂。细胞在96孔黑壁组织培养板中生长至融合，并在23°C下在D-PBS中装载乙酰氧基甲酯（AM）形式的Fluo-4（1μM）1-2小时。在每次实验运行中，以1-5s的间隔收集荧光数据。使用GraphPad Prism中的四参数logistic Hill方程分析浓度响应数据。https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11156585/

细胞增殖测定[3]
细胞类型： U87 和 U251 神经胶质瘤细胞
测试浓度： 5、10、50、100、500 和 1000 μM
孵育时间：2、6、12、24、48和72小时
实验结果：U87和U251神经胶质瘤细胞系的增殖情况分别在 10-1000 μM 和 100-1000 μM 存在时显着增加。 U87和U251细胞系的细胞增殖峰值均在100μM处。 U87 和 U251 细胞系的最佳孵育时间均为 24 小时。

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蛋白质印迹分析[3]
细胞类型： U87 和 U251 神经胶质瘤细胞
测试浓度： 100 μM
孵化持续时间：6-48 小时
实验结果：诱导 P2X7R 上调。

Animal/Disease Models: Male 2-month-old C57BL/6 mice (each weighing between 20 and 25 g)[4]
Doses: 5 mg/kg
Route of Administration: Injected through the intraperitoneal (ip)route
Experimental Results: At 48 hrs (hours), mice in the treated group and The control group demonstrated mortalities of 91% and 86%, respectively.

[1]. Pharmacological characterization of recombinant human and rat P2X receptor subtypes. Eur J Pharmacol. 1999 Jul 2;376(1-2):127-38.

[2]. Amino acid residues in the P2X7 receptor that mediate differential sensitivity to ATP and BzATP. Mol Pharmacol. 2007 Jan;71(1):92-100.

[3]. Involvement of P2X 7 Receptor in Proliferation and Migration of Human Glioma Cells. Biomed Res Int. 2018 Jan 9;2018:8591397.

[4]. Systemic blockade of P2X7 receptor protects against sepsis-induced intestinal barrier disruption. Sci Rep. 2017 Jun 29;7(1):4364.

ATP functions as a fast neurotransmitter through the specific activation of a family of ligand-gated ion channels termed P2X receptors. In this report, six distinct recombinant P2X receptor subtypes were pharmacologically characterized in a heterologous expression system devoid of endogenous P2 receptor activity. cDNAs encoding four human P2X receptor subtypes (hP2X1, hP2X3, hP2X4, and hP2X7), and two rat P2X receptor subtypes (rP2X2 and rP2X3), were stably expressed in 1321N1 human astrocytoma cells. Furthermore, the rP2X2 and rP2X3 receptor subtypes were co-expressed in these same cells to form heteromultimeric receptors. Pharmacological profiles were determined for each receptor subtype, based on the activity of putative P2 ligands to stimulate Ca2+ influx. The observed potency and kinetics of each response was receptor subtype-specific and correlated with their respective electrophysiological properties. Each receptor subtype exhibited a distinct pharmacological profile, based on its respective sensitivity to nucleotide analogs, diadenosine polyphosphates and putative P2 receptor antagonists. Alphabeta-methylene ATP (alphabeta-meATP), a putative P2X receptor-selective agonist, was found to exhibit potent agonist activity only at the hP2X1, hP2X3 and rP2X3 receptor subtypes. Benzoylbenzoic ATP (BzATP, 2' and 3' mixed isomers), which has been reported to act as a P2X7 receptor-selective agonist, was least active at the rat and human P2X7 receptors, but was a potent (nM) agonist at hP2X1, rP2X3 and hP2X3 receptors. These data comprise a systematic examination of the functional pharmacology of P2X receptor activation. [1]

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Agonist properties of the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) differ strikingly from other P2X receptors in two main ways: high concentrations of ATP (> 100 microM) are required to activate the receptor, and the ATP analog 2',3'-O-(4-benzoyl-benzoyl)ATP (BzATP) is both more potent than ATP and evokes a higher maximum current. However, there are striking species differences in these properties. We sought to exploit the large differences in ATP and BzATP responses between rat and mouse P2X7R to delineate regions or specific residues that may be responsible for the unique actions of these agonists at the P2X7R. We measured membrane currents in response to ATP and BzATP at wild-type rat and mouse P2X7R, at chimeric P2X7Rs, and at mouse P2X7Rs bearing point mutations. Wild-type rat P2X7R was 10 times more sensitive to ATP and 100 times more sensitive to BzATP than wild-type mouse P2X7R. We found that agonist EC50 values were determined solely by the ectodomain of the P2X7R. Two segments (residues 115-136 and 282-288), when transposed together, converted mouse sensitivities to those of rat. Point mutations through these regions revealed a single residue, asparagine284, in the rat P2X7R that fully accounted for the 10-fold difference in ATP sensitivity, whereas the 100-fold difference in BzATP sensitivity required the transfer of both Lys127 and Asn284 from rat to mouse. Thus, single amino acid differences between species can account for large changes in agonist effectiveness and differentiate between the two widely used agonists at P2X7 receptors.[2]

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Previous studies have demonstrated that activation of P2X7 receptors (P2X7R) results in the proliferation and migration of some types of tumor. Here, we asked whether and how the activated P2X7R contribute to proliferation and migration of human glioma cells. Results showed that the number of P2X7R positive cells was increasing with grade of tumor. In U87 and U251 human glioma cell lines, both expressed P2X7R and the expression was enhanced by 3'-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl) ATP (BzATP), the agonist of P2X7R, and siRNA. Our results also showed that 10 μM BzATP was sufficient to induce the proliferation of glioma cell significantly, while the cell proliferation reached the peak with 100 μM BzATP. Also, the migration of U87 and U251 cells was significantly increased upon BzATP treatment. However, the number of apoptotic cells of U87 and U251 was not significantly changed by BzATP. In addition, the expression of ERK, p-ERK, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein was increased in BzATP-treated U87 and U251 glioma cells. PD98059, an inhibitor of the MEK/ERK pathway, blocked the increased proliferation and migration of glioma cells activated by BzATP. These results suggest that ERK pathway is involved in the proliferation and migration of glioma cells induced by P2X7R activation.[3]

C24H24N5O15P3.C18H45N3

1018.97

White to off-white solid powder

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

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Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

H2O :~50 mg/mL (~49.07 mM)

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