BIM 23014，兰瑞肽，100 nM； 0-48小时）增加了辐射引起的细胞凋亡[1]。服用兰瑞肽后，GH3 细胞集落形成单位以剂量依赖性方式减少。兰瑞肽剂量为 1、10、100 和 1000 nM 时，细胞存活率分别为 75%、56%、39% 和 27%。 IC50[1] 为 57 nM。在体外，lenreotide 抑制分泌生长激素的垂体腺瘤细胞的生长和激素释放[2]。

给予兰瑞肽（2.5–10 mg/kg；皮下注射；每天一次，持续 5 天）可抑制肿瘤生长[1]。

细胞凋亡分析[1]
细胞类型： GH3
测试浓度： 100 nM
孵育时间： 48 小时， 24 小时或辐射前立即（0 小时）
实验结果：与单独辐射相比，凋亡亚 G1 比例增加。

Animal/Disease Models: Male nude mice, 8 weeks old and 20–25 g in body weight (GH3 tumor-bearing nude mice) [1]
Doses: 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg
Route of Administration: Subcutaneous; daily for 5 days
Experimental Results: Produced tumor growth inhibition.

Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Lanreotide forms a drug depot at the site of injection; therefore, there are 2 phases that describe the absorption of Lanreotide: 1. Initial rapid subcutaneous release during the first few days of treatment where drug that has not precipitated is rapidly absorbed. 2. Slow release of drug from the depot via passive diffusion. Absorption is independent of body weight, gender, and dosage.
<5% of lanreotide is excreted in urine, and less than 0.5% is excreted unchanged in the feces suggesting biliary excretion involvement.
Estimated Volume of Distribution = 15.1 L
Estimated Clearance = 23.1 L/h

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Biological Half-Life
Half-life is approximately 22 days

Hepatotoxicity
In preregistration studies of lanreotide, serum enzyme levels did not change appreciably and there were no reports of clinically apparent acute liver injury. Pooled analyses reported that there were no overall changes in serum ALT, AST or alkaline phosphatase levels during therapy or instances of clinically meaningful elevations with treatment. Prolonged therapy with lanreotide, as with other somatostatin analogues, was associated with a high rate of biliary sludge and cholelithiasis, probably due to inhibition of gall bladder contractility and decrease in bile secretion. In long term studies, cholelithiasis developed in 20% to 33% of lanreotide treated patients. In some instances, symptomatic cholecystitis occurred which can be accompanied by mild-to-moderate elevations in serum enzymes and bilirubin. However, most lanreotide associated gallstones were asymptomatic. Unlike octreotide, lanreotide and other long acting somatostatin analogues have not been liked to cases of clinically apparent liver injury, independent of cholelithiasis or biliary sludge, although they have had more limited use and have not been used in many of the clinical situations that were treated with octreotide (portal hypertension, variceal hemorrhage and infants with congenital hyperinsulinemia).
Likelihood score: E* (unproven but suspected rare cause of clinically apparent hepatobiliary injury).

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Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation
The excretion of lanreotide into breastmilk has not been studied. However, because it has a high molecular weight of 1096 daltons it is likely to be poorly excreted into breastmilk and it is a peptide that is likely digested in the infant's gastrointestinal tract, so it is unlikely to reach the clinically important levels in infant serum. Lanreotide has been given by injection to newborn infants with congenital hyperinsulinemia; reversible mild elevation of liver enzymes occurred in some infants. The manufacturer states that women should not breastfeed during treatment with depot lanreotide and for 6 months following the last dose.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants
A woman with acromegaly was treated with lanreotide Autogel 120 mg monthly, cabergoline 2 mg weekly and pegvisomant 80 mg weekly. She breastfed (extent not stated) her infant and they were followed for 12 years. Her child had normal growth and development.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk
Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.

[1]. Lanreotide promotes apoptosis and is not radioprotective in GH3 cells.Endocr Relat Cancer. 2009 Sep;16(3):1045-55.

[2]. Characterization of the intracellular mechanisms mediating somatostatin and lanreotide inhibition of DNA synthesis and growth hormone release from dispersed human GH-secreting pituitary adenoma cells in vitro.Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2003 Jul;59(1):115-28.

Lanreotide is a drug employed in the management of acromegaly (a hormonal condition caused by excess growth hormone) in addition to symptoms caused by neuroendocrine tumors, especially carcinoid syndrome. This drug is a long-acting analog of the drug somatostatin, a growth hormone inhibitor. Lanreotide is manufactured by the company, Ipsen Pharmaceuticals as lanreotide acetate, and marketed as Somatuline. It is approved in several countries worldwide, including the United Kingdom, Australia, and Canada. Lanreotide was first approved for use in the United States by the FDA on August 30, 2007.
Lanreotide is a synthetic polypeptide analogue of somatostatin that resembles the native hormone in its ability to suppress levels and activity of growth hormone, insulin, glucagon and many other gastrointestinal peptides. Because its half-life is longer than somatostatin, lanreotide can be used clinically to treat neuroendocrine tumors that secrete excessive amounts of growth hormone (acromegaly) or other active hormones or neuropeptides. Lanreotide has many side effects including suppression of gall bladder contractility and bile production, and maintenance therapy may cause cholelithiasis and pancreatitis as well accompanying liver injury.
Lanreotide is a synthetic cyclic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin. Lanreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTR), specifically SSTR-2 and also to SSTR-5 with a lesser affinity. However, compare with octreotide, this agent is less potent in inhibiting the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. Furthermore, lanreotide has an acute effect on decreasing circulating total and free insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I). This agent is usually given as a prolonged-release microparticle or Autogel formulation for the treatment of acromegaly and to relieve the symptoms of neuroendocrine tumors.
Lanreotide Acetate is the acetate salt of a synthetic cyclic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin. Lanreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTR), specifically SSTR-2 and also to SSTR-5 with a lesser affinity. However, compare with octreotide, this agent is less potent in inhibiting the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. Furthermore, lanreotide has an acute effect on decreasing circulating total and free insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I). This agent is usually given as a prolonged-release microparticle or Autogel formulation for the treatment of acromegaly and to relieve the symptoms of neuroendocrine tumors.
See also: Lanreotide Acetate (has salt form).

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Drug Indication
Lanreotide is indicated for the long-term treatment of patients with acromegaly who have had an inadequate response to, or cannot be treated with, surgery and/or radiotherapy. It is also indicated in the treatment of adult patients with unresectable, well- or moderately-differentiated, locally advanced or metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) to improve progression-free survival. Lanreotide is additionally indicated for the treatment of adults with carcinoid syndrome - when used, it reduces the frequency of short-acting somatostatin analog rescue therapy.
FDA Label
Treatment of acromegaly, Treatment of gastrointestinal fistulae, Treatment of metastases to peritoneum, Treatment of pituitary gigantism, Treatment of pituitary neoplasms

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Mechanism of Action
Lanreotide is a somatostatin analogue (SSA) and has mainly inhibitory effects which are mediated via somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) 2 and 5 and include inhibition of growth hormone release in the brain. Tumor SSTR activation induces downstream cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis, and also results in blunted production of substances that support tumor growth as well as tumor angiogenesis. This leads to the anti-proliferative effects of Lanreotide.

C54H69N11O10S2

1096.32336

1095.467

108736-35-2

Lanreotide acetate;2378114-72-6;Lanreotide diTFA;1024499-83-9

6918011

Typically exists as solid at room temperature

1.4±0.1 g/cm3

1508.2±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg

865.9±34.3 °C

0.0±0.3 mmHg at 25°C

1.689

2.89

405.68

13

14

17

77

2000

9

O=C([C@@H](NC([C@H](C(C)C)NC([C@H](CCCCN)NC([C@@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)NC([C@H](CC3=CC=C(O)C=C3)N4)=O)=O)=O)=O)CSSC[C@H](NC([C@H](N)CC5=CC=C6C=CC=CC6=C5)=O)C4=O)N[C@@H]([C@H](O)C)C(N)=O

PUDHBTGHUJUUFI-SCTWWAJVSA-N

1S/C54H69N11O10S2/c1-29(2)45-54(75)63-44(53(74)65-46(30(3)66)47(57)68)28-77-76-27-43(62-48(69)38(56)23-32-15-18-33-10-4-5-11-34(33)22-32)52(73)60-41(24-31-16-19-36(67)20-17-31)50(71)61-42(25-35-26-58-39-13-7-6-12-37(35)39)51(72)59-40(49(70)64-45)14-8-9-21-55/h4-7,10-13,15-20,22,26,29-30,38,40-46,58,66-67H,8-9,14,21,23-25,27-28,55-56H2,1-3H3,(H2,57,68)(H,59,72)(H,60,73)(H,61,71)(H,62,69)(H,63,75)(H,64,70)(H,65,74)/t30-,38-,40+,41+,42-,43+,44+,45+,46+/m1/s1

(4R,7S,10S,13R,16S,19R)-13-((1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)-19-((R)-2-amino-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)propanamido)-N-((2S,3R)-1-amino-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-10-(4-aminobutyl)-16-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-7-isopropyl-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxo-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17-pentaazacycloicosane-4-carboxamide

Somatulin; Somatuline; Lanreotide; Ipstyl; BIM23014; Lanreotide Autogel.

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

注意: 如下所列的是一些常用的体内动物实验溶解配方，主要用于溶解难溶或不溶于水的产品（水溶度<1 mg/mL）。 建议您先取少量样品进行尝试，如该配方可行，再根据实验需求增加样品量。

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注射用配方1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)
*生理盐水/Saline的制备：将0.9g氯化钠/NaCl溶解在100 mL ddH ₂ O中，得到澄清溶液。
注射用配方 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 400 μL PEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)
注射用配方 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil)
示例: 以注射用配方 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) 为例说明, 如果要配制 1 mL 2.5 mg/mL的工作液, 您可以取 100 μL 25 mg/mL 澄清的 DMSO 储备液，加到 900 μL Corn oil/玉米油中, 混合均匀。

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注射用配方 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline = 10 : 90 [如：100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)]
*20% SBE-β-CD in Saline的制备（4°C，储存1周）：将2g SBE-β-CD (磺丁基-β-环糊精) 溶解于10mL生理盐水中，得到澄清溶液。
注射用配方 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (如： 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (羟丙基环胡精)→ 500 μL Saline)
注射用配方 6: DMSO : PEG300 : Castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (如： 50 μL DMSO → 100 μL PEG300 → 200 μL Castor oil → 650 μL Saline)
注射用配方 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (如： 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline)
注射用配方 8: 溶解于Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), 然后用生理盐水稀释。
注射用配方 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如： 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil)
注射用配方 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如： 100 μL EtOH → 400 μL PEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)

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口服配方 1: 悬浮于0.5% CMC Na (羧甲基纤维素钠)
口服配方 2: 悬浮于0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
示例: 以口服配方 1 (悬浮于 0.5% CMC Na)为例说明, 如果要配制 100 mL 2.5 mg/mL 的工作液, 您可以先取0.5g CMC Na并将其溶解于100mL ddH2O中，得到0.5%CMC-Na澄清溶液；然后将250 mg待测化合物加到100 mL前述 0.5%CMC Na溶液中，得到悬浮液。

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口服配方 3: 溶解于 PEG400 (聚乙二醇400)
口服配方 4: 悬浮于0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
口服配方 5: 溶解于0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
口服配方 6: 做成粉末与食物混合

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注意: 以上为较为常见方法，仅供参考， InvivoChem并未独立验证这些配方的准确性。具体溶剂的选择首先应参照文献已报道溶解方法、配方或剂型，对于某些尚未有文献报道溶解方法的化合物，需通过前期实验来确定（建议先取少量样品进行尝试），包括产品的溶解情况、梯度设置、动物的耐受性等。

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请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案：
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如：用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液，按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂，澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明，并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀/澄清；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀/澄清；然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL；
3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出，可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果，工作液请现配现用！
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液，请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。