Flunarizine hydrochloride

别名: Flunarizine dihydrochloride; flunarizine hydrochloride; 30484-77-6; Flunarizine 2HCl; Flunarizine HCl; 27064-95-5; Flunarizine (dihydrochloride); 1-(Bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl)-4-cinnamylpiperazine dihydrochloride; 盐酸氟桂利嗪;盐酸氟桂嗪;(E)-1-(双(4-氟苯基)甲基)-4-(3-苯基-2-丙烯基)-哌嗪二盐酸盐;二盐酸氟桂利嗪;氟桂利嗪-D8二盐酸盐;氟桂利嗪丁二盐酸盐;氟桂利嗪盐酸盐 EP标准品;氟桂利嗪盐酸盐系统适应性 EP标准品;氟桂嗪 二盐酸盐; 盐酸氟桂利嗪 标准品;盐酸氟桂利嗪1;盐酸氟桂利嗪原药;原药盐酸氟桂利嗪;(E)-1-[双(4-氟苯基)甲基]-4-(3-苯基-2-丙烯基)-哌嗪二盐酸盐;1-[双(4-氟苯基)甲基]-4-(3-苯基-2-丙烯基)哌嗪 二盐酸盐;盐酸氟桂利嗪,医药级,纯度:>99
目录号: V11757 纯度: ≥98%
Flunarizine diHCl 是一种有效的双重 Na+/Ca2+(T 型)阻滞剂。
Flunarizine hydrochloride CAS号: 30484-77-6
产品类别: New1
产品仅用于科学研究,不针对患者销售
规格 价格 库存 数量
500mg
Other Sizes

Other Forms of Flunarizine hydrochloride:

  • Flunarizine-d8 dihydrochloride
  • 氟桂利嗪
  • 盐酸氟桂利嗪
点击了解更多
InvivoChem产品被CNS等顶刊论文引用
产品描述
Flunarizine diHCl 是一种有效的双重 Na+/Ca2+(T 型)阻滞剂。 Flunarizine diHCl 是一种 D2 多巴胺受体阻滞剂(拮抗剂)。 Flunarizine diHCl 具有抗惊厥(抗癫痫/抗癫痫)和抗偏头痛活性,以及外周血管扩张作用。
生物活性&实验参考方法
靶点
Na+/Ca2+ channel (T-type); D2 dopamine receptor
体外研究 (In Vitro)
在培养的皮质神经元中,氟桂利嗪二盐酸盐对钙电流 (ICa) 扩张的 IC50 值为 1.77 μM,对钠电流 (INa) 扩张的 IC50 值为 0.94 μM [2]。在浓度为 3–10 μM 时,二盐酸氟桂利嗪(10 和 30 μM;24 盐酸氟桂利嗪 (1–30 μM))会显着损害嗜铬细胞 [4]。嗜铬细胞会受到细胞活力的显着细胞毒性影响,这在 [4] 中进行了评估小时[4]。
体内研究 (In Vivo)
氟桂利嗪二盐酸盐(腹膜内注射;30 mg/kg;一次)可预防脂多糖(LPS)诱导的小鼠颈部急性肺损伤(ALI)[5]。
酶活实验
氟桂利嗪明显抑制顺铂诱导的细胞凋亡。出乎意料的是,氟桂利嗪增加了HEI-OC1细胞内钙([Ca2+]i)水平。然而,氟桂利嗪对顺铂的保护作用不是通过调节细胞内钙水平介导的。顺铂治疗导致HEI-OC1细胞ROS生成和脂质过氧化。氟桂利嗪不减弱ROS的产生,但抑制顺铂处理细胞的脂质过氧化和线粒体通透性转变。这一结果提示氟桂利嗪对顺铂诱导的细胞毒性的保护机制与直接抑制脂质过氧化和线粒体通透性转变有关[1]。
细胞实验
细胞活力测定[4]
细胞类型:嗜铬
测试浓度: 10 和 30 μM
孵育时间: 24 小时
实验结果:显示在 10 μM 浓度下细胞死亡增加的趋势,在 30 μM 浓度下细胞损失接近 100%。
动物实验
Animal/Disease Models: Male balb/c (Bagg ALBino) mouse (6-8 weeks old)) lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury [5]
Doses: 30 mg/kg
Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injection; 30 mg/kg;
Experimental Results:Inhibition of LPS induction of cell influx, protein leakage, and inflammatory cytokine release. Suppress lung inflammation.
药代性质 (ADME/PK)
Absorption
85% following oral administration.
Metabolism / Metabolites
Hepatic, to two metabolites via N-dealylation and hydroxylation.

Flunarizine has known human metabolites that include p-Hydroxyflunarizine, 1-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]piperazine, and bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone.
Biological Half-Life: 18 days
毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK)
Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation
Flunarizine is not approved for marketing in the United States by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, but is available in other countries. No information is available on the use of flunarizine during breastfeeding. Because of its long half-life of 19 days in children, expert opinion recommends that flunarizine not be used in migraine prophylaxis in nursing mothers. An alternate drug is preferred, especially while nursing a newborn or preterm infant.

◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants
Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.

◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk
Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
women TDLo oral 73 mg/kg/1Y-I BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY); BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR Italian Journal of Neurological Sciences., 10(89), 1989 [PMID:2925349]
man TDLo oral 4286 ug/kg/30D BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR Neurology., 37(881), 1987 [PMID:3574697]
mouse LD50 oral 960 mg/kg Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research., 37(1103), 1987 [PMID:3435581]
women TDLo oral 18 mg/kg/90D-I BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR Neurology., 37(881), 1987 [PMID:3574697]

Protein Binding
99% bound to plasma proteins
参考文献

[1]. Protective effect of T-type calcium channel blocker flunarizine on cisplatin-induced death of auditory cells. Hear Res. 2005 Jun;204(1-2):127-39.

[2]. Flunarizine blocks voltage-gated Na(+) and Ca(2+) currents in cultured rat cortical neurons: A possible locus of action in the prevention of migraine. Neurosci Lett. 2011 Jan 10;487(3):394-9.

[3]. Differential inhibition of T-type calcium channels by neuroleptics. J Neurosci. 2002 Jan 15;22(2):396-403.

[4]. Effects of dotarizine and flunarizine on chromaffin cell viability and cytosolic Ca2+. Eur J Pharmacol. 1999 Feb 5;366(2-3):309-17.

[5]. Mibefradil and Flunarizine, Two T-Type Calcium Channel Inhibitors, Protect Mice against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Mediators Inflamm. 2020 Nov 10;2020:3691701.

其他信息
Flunarizine hydrochloride is a diarylmethane.
Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with calmodulin binding properties and histamine H1 blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, vertigo of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy.
*注: 文献方法仅供参考, InvivoChem并未独立验证这些方法的准确性
化学信息 & 存储运输条件
分子式
C26H26F2N2.2(HCL)
分子量
477.42
精确质量
476.159
元素分析
C, 65.41; H, 5.91; Cl, 14.85; F, 7.96; N, 5.87
CAS号
30484-77-6
相关CAS号
Flunarizine;52468-60-7; 30484-77-6 (Flunarizine hydrochloride); 22348-32-9 (Flunarizine 2HCl)
PubChem CID
5282407
外观&性状
White to off-white solid powder
沸点
511.3ºC at 760 mmHg
熔点
204-210ºC
闪点
263ºC
LogP
6.865
tPSA
6.48
氢键供体(HBD)数目
2
氢键受体(HBA)数目
4
可旋转键数目(RBC)
6
重原子数目
32
分子复杂度/Complexity
487
定义原子立体中心数目
0
SMILES
C1CN(CCN1C/C=C/C2=CC=CC=C2)C(C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=CC=C(C=C4)F.Cl.Cl
InChi Key
RXKMOPXNWTYEHI-RDRKJGRWSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C26H26F2N2.2ClH/c27-24-12-8-22(9-13-24)26(23-10-14-25(28)15-11-23)30-19-17-29(18-20-30)16-4-7-21-5-2-1-3-6-21;;/h1-15,26H,16-20H2;2*1H/b7-4+;;
化学名
1-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-4-[(E)-3-phenylprop-2-enyl]piperazine;dihydrochloride
别名
Flunarizine dihydrochloride; flunarizine hydrochloride; 30484-77-6; Flunarizine 2HCl; Flunarizine HCl; 27064-95-5; Flunarizine (dihydrochloride); 1-(Bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl)-4-cinnamylpiperazine dihydrochloride;
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
存储方式

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

注意: 请将本产品存放在密封且受保护的环境中,避免吸湿/受潮。
运输条件
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
溶解度数据
溶解度 (体外实验)
DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~104.73 mM)
H2O : ~1 mg/mL (~2.09 mM)
溶解度 (体内实验)
配方 1 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.24 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将100 μL 25.0 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入到400 μL PEG300中,混匀;然后向上述溶液中加入50 μL Tween-80,混匀;加入450 μL生理盐水定容至1 mL。
*生理盐水的制备:将 0.9 g 氯化钠溶解在 100 mL ddH₂O中,得到澄清溶液。

配方 2 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.24 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD生理盐水溶液中,混匀。
*20% SBE-β-CD 生理盐水溶液的制备(4°C,1 周):将 2 g SBE-β-CD 溶解于 10 mL 生理盐水中,得到澄清溶液。

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配方 3 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.24 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 澄清 DMSO 储备液加入到 900 μL 玉米油中并混合均匀。


配方 4 中的溶解度: 10 mg/mL (20.95 mM) in PBS (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液; 超声助溶.

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案:
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL;

3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用!
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。
制备储备液 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.0946 mL 10.4730 mL 20.9459 mL
5 mM 0.4189 mL 2.0946 mL 4.1892 mL
10 mM 0.2095 mL 1.0473 mL 2.0946 mL

1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;

2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;

3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);

4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。

计算器

摩尔浓度计算器可计算特定溶液所需的质量、体积/浓度,具体如下:

  • 计算制备已知体积和浓度的溶液所需的化合物的质量
  • 计算将已知质量的化合物溶解到所需浓度所需的溶液体积
  • 计算特定体积中已知质量的化合物产生的溶液的浓度
使用摩尔浓度计算器计算摩尔浓度的示例如下所示:
假如化合物的分子量为350.26 g/mol,在5mL DMSO中制备10mM储备液所需的化合物的质量是多少?
  • 在分子量(MW)框中输入350.26
  • 在“浓度”框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在“体积”框中输入5,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案17.513 mg出现在“质量”框中。以类似的方式,您可以计算体积和浓度。

稀释计算器可计算如何稀释已知浓度的储备液。例如,可以输入C1、C2和V2来计算V1,具体如下:

制备25毫升25μM溶液需要多少体积的10 mM储备溶液?
使用方程式C1V1=C2V2,其中C1=10mM,C2=25μM,V2=25 ml,V1未知:
  • 在C1框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在C2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(μM)
  • 在V2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案62.5μL(0.1 ml)出现在V1框中
g/mol

分子量计算器可计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量)和元素组成,具体如下:

注:化学分子式大小写敏感:C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
计算化合物摩尔质量(分子量)的说明:
  • 要计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量),请输入化学/分子式,然后单击“计算”按钮。
分子质量、分子量、摩尔质量和摩尔量的定义:
  • 分子质量(或分子量)是一种物质的一个分子的质量,用统一的原子质量单位(u)表示。(1u等于碳-12中一个原子质量的1/12)
  • 摩尔质量(摩尔重量)是一摩尔物质的质量,以g/mol表示。
/

配液计算器可计算将特定质量的产品配成特定浓度所需的溶剂体积 (配液体积)

  • 输入试剂的质量、所需的配液浓度以及正确的单位
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案显示在体积框中
动物体内实验配方计算器(澄清溶液)
第一步:请输入基本实验信息(考虑到实验过程中的损耗,建议多配一只动物的药量)
第二步:请输入动物体内配方组成(配方适用于不溶/难溶于水的化合物),不同的产品和批次配方组成不同,如对配方有疑问,可先联系我们提供正确的体内实验配方。此外,请注意这只是一个配方计算器,而不是特定产品的确切配方。
+
+
+

计算结果:

工作液浓度 mg/mL;

DMSO母液配制方法 mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。

体内配方配制方法μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。

(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
            (2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。

临床试验信息
Comparison of the Effectiveness of First-line Preventive Treatment of Migraine in Primary Care
CTID: NCT06499116
Phase: Phase 4
Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-07-12
Efficacy of Flunarizine Vs Amitriptyline in Prophylaxis of Migraine Prophylaxis
CTID: NCT06162819
Phase: N/A
Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2023-12-29
Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of add-on Alpha-lipoic Acid on Migraine Prophylaxis in Adolescent Population
CTID: NCT04064814
Phase: Phase 4
Status: Completed
Date: 2023-07-25
Decoding Pain Sensitivity in Migraine With Multimodal Brainstem-based Neurosignature
CTID: NCT04702971
Phase: Phase 4
Status: Recruiting
Date: 2021-04-14
Comparison of Therapeutic Effects of Greater Occipital Nerve Block, Topiramate, and Flunarizine on Episodic Migraine
CTID: NCT03712917
Phase: N/A
Status: Completed
Date: 2020-01-21
生物数据图片
  • Time course of neuroleptic blockade of the three T-type Ca channels. Shown are representative time courses of the inhibitory effects of 500 nm pimozide (A), 1 μm penfluridol (B), 1 μm haloperidol (C), and 1 μm flunarizine (D) on cloned rat α1G, α1H, and α1I channels. Drug application (first arrow) followed by washout of drugs (second arrow) appear as indicated. The DPBPs penfluridol (1 μm) and pimozide (500 nm), showed τon of inhibition ranging from 60.3 ± 16 to 109.9 ± 29 and from 29.5 ± 0.4 to 84.2 ± 12.4 sec (n = 3–6) for penfluridol and pimozide, respectively. In contrast, the butyrophenone haloperidol showed τon values from 13.3 ± 0.9 to 20 ± 2.6 sec (n = 4). Flunarizine exhibits the slowest on-rate (from 39.2 ± 8.8 to 197.3 ± 23.8 sec; n= 3). The T-type Ca currents were elicited by test pulses to −40 mV (α1G, α1I) or −30 mV (α1H) from −100 mV holding potential (every 15 sec before and during drug application).[3]. Differential inhibition of T-type calcium channels by neuroleptics. J Neurosci. 2002 Jan 15;22(2):396-403.
  • Differential blockade of T-type Ca channels by the diphenyldiperazine flunarizine. Mean I–V relationships of T-type currents in the absence (filled circles) or presence (open circles) of flunarizine (1 μm), were obtained from normalized currents (mean ± SE from 3–6 cells) through α1G(A), α1H (B), and α1I (C). Normalized meanI–V data represent the mean ± SE from three to six cells. Insets show representative current traces in absence (control, filled circles) and presence (open circles) of 1 μm flunarizine, elicited with test pulses to −40 mV (α1G, α1I) or −30 mV (α1H).D, Flunarizine (1 μm) differentially inhibited the cloned T-type currents, inhibiting α1G and α1I more potently (∼70%) than α1H(∼30%).[3]. Differential inhibition of T-type calcium channels by neuroleptics. J Neurosci. 2002 Jan 15;22(2):396-403.
  • Neuroleptic agents induce a negative shift in the voltage dependence of steady-state inactivation of α1GT-type Ca channels. The V0.5i values of rat α1G channel inactivation were shifted to hyperpolarized potentials as follows: A, 50 nm pimozide (control V0.5i = −78.6 ± 0.2 mV vs treated V0.5i = −85.8 ± 0.2 mV; p < 0.01; n = 4).B, 100 nm penfluridol (controlV0.5i = −78.5 ± 0.3 mV vs treated V0.5i = −90.2 ± 0.3 mV;p < 0.01; n = 4).C, 1 μm haloperidol (controlV0.5i = −80.8 ± 0.2 mV vs treated V0.5i = −91.1 ± 0.3 mV;p < 0.01; n = 3).D, 100 nm flunarizine (controlV0.5i = −81.6 ± 0.3 mV vs treated V0.5i = −90.4 ± 0.2 mV;p < 0.01; n = 4). Steady-state inactivation curves were generated as described in Materials and Methods.[3]. Differential inhibition of T-type calcium channels by neuroleptics. J Neurosci. 2002 Jan 15;22(2):396-403.
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