Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Piflufolastat F18 is eliminated via urinary excretion - within 8 hours of intravenous administration, approximately 50% of an administered dose is excreted in the urine.
Piflufolastat F 18 distributes to the kidneys (16.5% of administered activity), liver (9.3%), and lung (2.9%), within 60 minutes of intravenous administration.

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Biological Half-Life
The half-life of distribution of piflufolastat F18 is 0.17 ± 0.044 hours and its elimination half-life is 3.47 ± 0.49 hours.

Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous malignancy affecting men in North America - despite this, an ongoing challenge in prostate cancer therapy is the difficulty in imaging the extent and location of tumor metastases and recurrences. The images generated by positron emission tomography (PET) are less detailed than those obtained via MRI or CT, but are more sensitive and can reveal cancerous tissue in any area of the body provided the tissue is expressing the appropriate target protein. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in many tissues that plays a role in folate uptake and neurotransmitter release - it is expressed in the prostate at levels roughly 1000-fold greater than elsewhere in the body, and even higher in prostate cancer tissue. As such, it has become a desirable target for PET imaging of prostate cancer tissues. Piflufolastat F18, also called [F-18]-DCFPyL, is a urea-based radiopharmaceutical that binds to PSMA and allows for the visualization of cancerous prostate tissue. It was first approved by the FDA in May 2021 under the brand name Pylarify and aims to allow for earlier and more accurate detection of suspected prostate cancer metastases or recurrences. On July 28, 2023, the EMA also approves Piflufolastat F18 under the brand name PYLCLARI for primary staging or localizing recurrence of prostate cancer.
Piflufolastat f-18 is a Radioactive Diagnostic Agent. The mechanism of action of piflufolastat f-18 is as a Positron Emitting Activity.
Fluorine F 18 Piflufolastat is a urea-based radiotracer composed of the prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeting agent DCFPyL and labeled with the positron-emitting isotope, fluorine F 18, that can potentially be used for positron emitting tomography (PET) imaging. Upon administration of fluorine F piflufolastat, piflufolastat binds to PSMA expressed on tumor cells. The fluorine F 18 moiety facilitates PET imaging of PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA, a cell-surface antigen, is abundantly present on the surface of prostate cancer cells and on the neovasculature of most solid tumors.

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Drug Indication
Piflufolastat F18 is indicated for positron emission tomography (PET) of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positive lesions in men with prostate cancer who have suspected metastases and are candidates for initial definitive therapy and for men with a suspected recurrence of prostate cancer based on elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels by the FDA. It is approved by the EMA for the primary staging of patients with high-risk prostate cancer prior to initial curative therapy and for localizing recurrence of prostate cancer in patients with a suspected recurrence based on increasing serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels after primary treatment with curative intent.
This medicinal product is for diagnostic use only. Pylclari is indicated for the detection of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positive lesions with positron emission tomography (PET) in adults with prostate cancer (PCa) in the following clinical settings: Primary staging of patients with high-risk PCa prior to initial curative therapy,To localize recurrence of PCa in patients with a suspected recurrence based on increasing serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels after primary treatment with curative intent. Pylclari is indicated for use with positron emission tomography (PET).

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Mechanism of Action
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a role in dietary folate uptake and the release of neurotransmitters within the brain. While PSMA is expressed in many tissues, its expression levels in the prostate are roughly 1000-fold greater than elsewhere in the body and even higher in prostate cancer tissue. Piflufolastat F18 binds to PSMA and therefore, in combination with PET imaging, allows for the visualization of PSMA-positive lesions associated with prostate cancer.

C18H2318FN4O8

441.4

441.153

1207181-29-0

1207181-29-0 (F18);1423758-00-2 (F-19);

52950901

Typically exists as solid at room temperature

1.361

202

6

10

13

31

663

2

C1=CC(=NC=C1C(=O)NCCCC[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)O)[18F]

OLWVRJUNLXQDSP-MVBOSPHXSA-N

InChI=1S/C18H23FN4O8/c19-13-6-4-10(9-21-13)15(26)20-8-2-1-3-11(16(27)28)22-18(31)23-12(17(29)30)5-7-14(24)25/h4,6,9,11-12H,1-3,5,7-8H2,(H,20,26)(H,24,25)(H,27,28)(H,29,30)(H2,22,23,31)/t11-,12-/m0/s1/i19-1

(2S)-2-[[(1S)-1-carboxy-5-[(6-(18F)fluoranylpyridine-3-carbonyl)amino]pentyl]carbamoylamino]pentanedioic acid

18F-DCFPyL; Dcfpyl F-18; Pylarify; piflufolastat F-18

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

注意: 如下所列的是一些常用的体内动物实验溶解配方，主要用于溶解难溶或不溶于水的产品（水溶度<1 mg/mL）。 建议您先取少量样品进行尝试，如该配方可行，再根据实验需求增加样品量。

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注射用配方1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)
*生理盐水/Saline的制备：将0.9g氯化钠/NaCl溶解在100 mL ddH ₂ O中，得到澄清溶液。
注射用配方 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 400 μL PEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)
注射用配方 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil)
示例: 以注射用配方 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) 为例说明, 如果要配制 1 mL 2.5 mg/mL的工作液, 您可以取 100 μL 25 mg/mL 澄清的 DMSO 储备液，加到 900 μL Corn oil/玉米油中, 混合均匀。

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注射用配方 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline = 10 : 90 [如：100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)]
*20% SBE-β-CD in Saline的制备（4°C，储存1周）：将2g SBE-β-CD (磺丁基-β-环糊精) 溶解于10mL生理盐水中，得到澄清溶液。
注射用配方 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (如： 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (羟丙基环胡精)→ 500 μL Saline)
注射用配方 6: DMSO : PEG300 : Castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (如： 50 μL DMSO → 100 μL PEG300 → 200 μL Castor oil → 650 μL Saline)
注射用配方 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (如： 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline)
注射用配方 8: 溶解于Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), 然后用生理盐水稀释。
注射用配方 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如： 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil)
注射用配方 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如： 100 μL EtOH → 400 μL PEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)

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口服配方 1: 悬浮于0.5% CMC Na (羧甲基纤维素钠)
口服配方 2: 悬浮于0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
示例: 以口服配方 1 (悬浮于 0.5% CMC Na)为例说明, 如果要配制 100 mL 2.5 mg/mL 的工作液, 您可以先取0.5g CMC Na并将其溶解于100mL ddH2O中，得到0.5%CMC-Na澄清溶液；然后将250 mg待测化合物加到100 mL前述 0.5%CMC Na溶液中，得到悬浮液。

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口服配方 3: 溶解于 PEG400 (聚乙二醇400)
口服配方 4: 悬浮于0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
口服配方 5: 溶解于0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
口服配方 6: 做成粉末与食物混合

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注意: 以上为较为常见方法，仅供参考， InvivoChem并未独立验证这些配方的准确性。具体溶剂的选择首先应参照文献已报道溶解方法、配方或剂型，对于某些尚未有文献报道溶解方法的化合物，需通过前期实验来确定（建议先取少量样品进行尝试），包括产品的溶解情况、梯度设置、动物的耐受性等。

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请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案：
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如：用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液，按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂，澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明，并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀/澄清；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀/澄清；然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL；
3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出，可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果，工作液请现配现用！
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液，请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。