Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
...(TOLYL-(14)C)CHLORTOLURON WAS ADMIN DAILY TO RATS FOR...2 WK...CONCN OF RADIOACTIVITY IN BLOOD & VARIOUS ORGANS REACHED THEIR HIGHEST LEVEL ON 1ST OR 2ND DAY...& DID NOT INCR FOR REMAINDER OF EXPT. ...WHEN FEEDING OF LABEL WAS ABANDONED, RADIOACTIVITY IN ALL TISSUES DECR BELOW DETECTABLE LEVELS WITHIN...9 DAYS.
...PHENYLUREAS LABELED WITH (14)C IN DIFFERENT POSITIONS WERE ADMIN ORALLY TO RATS, IT WAS OBSERVED THAT TOTAL RADIOACTIVITY WAS RAPIDLY & EFFICIENTLY ELIMINATED IN URINE & FECES. ...90% OR MORE OF RADIOACTIVITY APPLIED WAS ACCOUNTED FOR IN EXCRETA WITHIN 72 HR AFTER ADMIN...(TOLYL-(14)C)CHLORTOLURON. WITH MOST MENTIONED CMPD /(TOLYL-(14)C)CHLORTOLURON/ MAJOR PORTION OF LABEL WAS ELIMINATED IN URINE, WHEREAS AMT OF FECAL RADIOACTIVITY WAS USUALLY NO MORE THAN 20% IN TERMS OF DOSE APPLIED.

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Metabolism / Metabolites
RECOGNIZED N-DEMETHYLATION &/OR N-DEMETHOXYLATION REACTIONS OF PHENYLUREA HERBICIDES IN BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS--CHLORTOLURON-- SOIL/MICROBIAL MEDIA: IN SILTY CLAY SOIL; PLANTS: IN WHEAT; MAMMALS: IN RAT /FROM TABLE/
...FATE OF (14)C-TOLYL-LABELED HERBICIDE /CHLORTOLURON/ IN RAT. ...METHYL RING SUBSTITUENT WAS SUBJECTED TO STEPWISE OXIDATION, YIELDING FIRST CORRESPONDING HYDROXYMETHYL AND THEN CARBOXY DERIVATIVE. ... COMBINED N-DEMETHYLATION/SIDE-CHAIN OXIDATION PATHWAY IN RATS IS /SRP: 3-(3-CHLORO-4-HYDROXYMETHYLPHENYL)-1,1-DIMETHYLUREA; 3-(3-CHLORO-4-CARBOXYPHENYL)-1,1-DIMETHYLUREA; 3-(3-CHLORO-4-HYDROXYMETHYLPHENYL)-1-METHYLUREA; 3-(3-CHLORO-4-CARBOXYPHENYL)-1-METHYLUREA; 3-(3-CHLORO-4-HYDROXYMETHYLPHENYL)UREA AND 3-(3-CHLORO-4-CARBOXYPHENYL)UREA/.
THE METABOLISM OF CHLORTOLURON IN WHEAT EXHIBITED ESSENTIALLY THE SAME QUALITATIVE PATTERN OF DEGRADATION. HOWEVER, THE MAJOR PORTION OF THE HYDROXYMETHYL METABOLITE (3-(3-CHLORO-4-HYDROXYMETHYLPHENYL)-1,1-DIMETHYLUREA) WAS FIRST TRAPPED AS WATER-SOL CONJUGATE(S). FURTHER OXIDATION TO CORRESPONDING CARBOXY DERIVATIVE OCCURRED ONLY IN LATER STAGES OF PLANT GROWTH. IN ADDN, N-DEMETHYLATION DID NOT PROCEED BEYOND N-MONOMETHYL STAGE.
The metabolism of chlortoluron was investigated in several plant species. Chlortoluron was degraded via both N-demethylation and ring-methyl oxidation reactions. The latter pathway was the major degradative route in wheat and barley. Since the products of ring-methyl oxidation are nonphytotoxic, the existence of such a detoxification mechanism in these cereals may account for their enhanced resistance to chlortoluron. The major metabolites in the susceptible cereal weeds, Avena fatua, Alopecurus myosuroides and Lolium perenne, and in resistant cotton were products of N-demethylation. This reaction in the cereal weeds proceeded only very slightly beyond the state the mono-N-demethylated metabolites some of which retain considerable phytotoxicity. In cotton, however, N-demethylation was more efficient, giving rise to substantial amounts of N-didemethylated metabolites which are non-phytotoxic.
For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for CHLORTOLURON (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Interactions
Levels of cytochrome p450s and rates of monooxygenase activities were studied in microsomes prepared from wheat cell suspension cultures. Cytochrome contents and enzymatic activities, namely, the enzymatic systems responsible for chlorotoluron ring-methy1 hydroxy1ation and N-demethylation, were enhanced after pretreatment of cells with 2,4-D, procloraz, mecoprop, chlorotoluron, and oxime ether safeners. Effects of various agrochemicals were also determined on chlorotoluron ring-methyl hydroxylase and N-demethylase, following their direct addition to microsomal preparations. Plant growth regulators and fungicide, as well as piperonyl butoxide decreased both activities, tetcyclacis, and procloraz being marked1y inhibitory. Naphthalic anhydride, oxime ether safeners, dich1ormid, and tridiphane had only weak effects. The substrate specificities of chlorotoluron ring-methyl hydroxylase and N-demethylase were also investigated using structural analogues of the herbicide. Diuron was the strongest inhibitor among the tested phenylureas. Other herbicides that can be metabolized by wheat affected both activities to different extents. However, diclofop enhanced only chlorotoluron N-demethylase.

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Non-Human Toxicity Values
LD50 Rat oral greater than 10000 mg/kg
LD50 Rat subcutaneous greater than 2000 mg/kg

Chlorotoluron is a member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups while the other is substituted by a 3-chloro-4-methylphenyl group. A herbicide that is non-toxic to honeybees but moderately toxic to mammals, birds, earthworms and most aquatic organisms. It has a role as a xenobiotic, an environmental contaminant, an agrochemical and a herbicide. It is a member of monochlorobenzenes and a member of phenylureas.

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Mechanism of Action
Inhibits photosynthesis.

C10H13CLN2O

212.677

212.071

15545-48-9

Chlorotoluron-d6;1219803-48-1

27375

COLORLESS CRYSTALS
white powder

1.2±0.1 g/cm3

345.9±52.0 °C at 760 mmHg

147-148ºC

163.0±30.7 °C

0.0±0.8 mmHg at 25°C

1.541

2.62

32.34

1

1

1

14

208

0

CC1=C(Cl)C=C(NC(N(C)C)=O)C=C1

JXCGFZXSOMJFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C10H13ClN2O/c1-7-4-5-8(6-9(7)11)12-10(14)13(2)3/h4-6H,1-3H3,(H,12,14)

3-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea

Chlorotoluron Dikurin Dicuran

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

注意： 本产品在运输和储存过程中需避光。

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~235.09 mM)

注意: 如下所列的是一些常用的体内动物实验溶解配方，主要用于溶解难溶或不溶于水的产品（水溶度<1 mg/mL）。 建议您先取少量样品进行尝试，如该配方可行，再根据实验需求增加样品量。

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注射用配方1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)
*生理盐水/Saline的制备：将0.9g氯化钠/NaCl溶解在100 mL ddH ₂ O中，得到澄清溶液。
注射用配方 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 400 μL PEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)
注射用配方 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil)
示例: 以注射用配方 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) 为例说明, 如果要配制 1 mL 2.5 mg/mL的工作液, 您可以取 100 μL 25 mg/mL 澄清的 DMSO 储备液，加到 900 μL Corn oil/玉米油中, 混合均匀。

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注射用配方 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline = 10 : 90 [如：100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)]
*20% SBE-β-CD in Saline的制备（4°C，储存1周）：将2g SBE-β-CD (磺丁基-β-环糊精) 溶解于10mL生理盐水中，得到澄清溶液。
注射用配方 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (如： 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (羟丙基环胡精)→ 500 μL Saline)
注射用配方 6: DMSO : PEG300 : Castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (如： 50 μL DMSO → 100 μL PEG300 → 200 μL Castor oil → 650 μL Saline)
注射用配方 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (如： 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline)
注射用配方 8: 溶解于Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), 然后用生理盐水稀释。
注射用配方 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如： 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil)
注射用配方 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如： 100 μL EtOH → 400 μL PEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)

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口服配方 1: 悬浮于0.5% CMC Na (羧甲基纤维素钠)
口服配方 2: 悬浮于0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
示例: 以口服配方 1 (悬浮于 0.5% CMC Na)为例说明, 如果要配制 100 mL 2.5 mg/mL 的工作液, 您可以先取0.5g CMC Na并将其溶解于100mL ddH2O中，得到0.5%CMC-Na澄清溶液；然后将250 mg待测化合物加到100 mL前述 0.5%CMC Na溶液中，得到悬浮液。

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口服配方 3: 溶解于 PEG400 (聚乙二醇400)
口服配方 4: 悬浮于0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
口服配方 5: 溶解于0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
口服配方 6: 做成粉末与食物混合

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注意: 以上为较为常见方法，仅供参考， InvivoChem并未独立验证这些配方的准确性。具体溶剂的选择首先应参照文献已报道溶解方法、配方或剂型，对于某些尚未有文献报道溶解方法的化合物，需通过前期实验来确定（建议先取少量样品进行尝试），包括产品的溶解情况、梯度设置、动物的耐受性等。

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请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案：
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如：用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液，按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂，澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明，并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀/澄清；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀/澄清；然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL；
3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出，可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果，工作液请现配现用！
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液，请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。